Determinants, Row-Echelon Form

Row-Echelon Form

Any square matrix m can be transformed into a diagonal matrix, i.e. a matrix that is zero everywhere except the main diagonal, in a manner that preserves the determinant of the matrix.  The matrix has been converted into "row-echelon form".  First perform gaussian Elimination, giving an upper triangular matrix having the same determinant.  Then perform back substitution to clear out everything above the main diagonal.  The result is a diagonal matrix having the same determinant.

Actually gaussian elimination might multiply the determinant by -1, if we are forced to swap rows.  For most applications the sign of the determinant doesn't matter, or can be inferred.  If it does matter, keep track of the swaps.